Cross-contamination means you are moving germs.

Cross-contact means you are moving allergens (proteins).

Sanitizer does not “kill” a protein; you must clean (detergent + friction) → rinse → sanitize to remove it.

Kitchen examples:

  • Same fryer for breaded schnitzel (wheat) and fries → fries are not gluten-free.
  • Toasting sesame burger buns on the same griddle as a “sesame-free” patty → patty now has sesame.
  • Cutting pesto (nuts) then chopping parsley on the same board without washing → parsley has nut residue.

Read next: Recognizing Reactions (and Acting Fast)